The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
-
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. · Dec 2017
Multicenter StudyPrevalence and Correlates of Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.
Frailty is an age-related clinical syndrome of decreased resilience to stressors and is associated with numerous adverse outcomes. Although there is preponderance of literature on frailty in developed countries, limited investigations have been conducted in less developed regions including China-a country that has the world's largest aging population. We examined frailty prevalence in China by sociodemographics and geographic region, and investigated correlates of frailty. ⋯ We demonstrated the utility of the PFP scale in identifying frail Chinese elders, and found substantial sociodemographic and regional disparities in frailty prevalence. The PFP scale may be incorporated into clinical practice in China to identify the most vulnerable elders to reduce morbidity, prevent disability, and enable more efficient use of health care resources.
-
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. · Dec 2017
Caloric Restriction Mimetics Slow Aging of Neuromuscular Synapses and Muscle Fibers.
Resveratrol and metformin have been shown to mimic some aspects of caloric restriction and exercise. However, it remains unknown if these molecules also slow age-related synaptic degeneration, as previously shown for caloric restriction and exercise. In this study, we examined the structural integrity of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in 2-year-old mice treated with resveratrol and metformin starting at 1 year of age. ⋯ For this, we examined postsynaptic sites, the NMJ region located on the muscle peripheral membrane, on cultured myotubes derived from C2C12 cells. We discovered that resveratrol increases the number of postsynaptic sites on myotubes exhibiting a youthful architecture, suggesting that resveratrol directly affects the NMJ. Altogether, we provide compelling evidence indicating that resveratrol slows aging of NMJs and muscle fibers.
-
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. · Nov 2017
Prediction of Long-term Cognitive Decline Following Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults.
Increasing evidence suggests that postoperative delirium may result in long-term cognitive decline among older adults. Risk factors for such cognitive decline are unknown. ⋯ Global cognitive performance was most strongly associated with long-term cognitive decline following delirium. Pre-surgical factors may substantially predict this outcome.
-
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. · Oct 2017
Association of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity With Leukocyte Telomere Length Among Older Women.
Previous studies on physical activity and telomere length have relied largely upon self-reported physical activity data, and few studies have examined older adults. The association of objectively measured physical activity with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is currently unknown. ⋯ Older women meeting current recommendations of ≥2.5 h/wk of MVPA, as assessed by accelerometer, had longer LTL. Additional studies using accelerometers in large, diverse cohorts of older women are needed to confirm and extend these findings.
-
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. · Oct 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyBaseline Characteristics of Participants in the ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) Study.
There are no primary prevention trials of aspirin with relevant geriatric outcomes in elderly people. ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) is a placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin that will determine whether 5 years of daily 100-mg enteric-coated aspirin extends disability-free and dementia-free life in a healthy elderly population and whether these benefits outweigh the risks. ⋯ Findings from ASPREE will be generalizable to a healthier older population in both countries and will assess whether the broad benefits of daily low-dose aspirin in prolonging independent life outweigh the risks.