American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
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Am J Health Syst Pharm · Mar 2007
Addressing stakeholders' needs: economics and patient satisfaction.
The economics of acute post-operative pain management are discussed. Studies identifying cost drivers in post-operative pain treatment and the economic sequelae of undertreated pain are reviewed. The relative costs of intermittent intramuscular analgesia, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, and epidural analgesia are described. Medication errors and their consequences are addressed. The importance of patient satisfaction and data on its correlation with acute post-operative pain are reviewed. ⋯ Undertreatment of acute post-operative pain has important implications for health systems from the standpoints of economics and patient satisfaction.
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The epidemiology of acute post-operative pain is reviewed. Data from retrospective studies of the effectiveness of post-operative pain treatment are summarized. The impact of undertreatment of post-operative pain is discussed. Efficacy, safety, and the potential for error associated with intramuscular, intravenous, and epidural modes of analgesia are reviewed. ⋯ There exists a need for interventions that are patient focused and characterized by ease of use, improved adverse-effect and safety profiles, and manageable overall costs.
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Am J Health Syst Pharm · Mar 2007
Potential for airborne contamination in turbulent- and unidirectional-airflow compounding aseptic isolators.
The ability of turbulent- and unidirectional-airflow compounding aseptic isolators (CAIs) to control airborne contamination during aseptic compounding of compounded sterile preparations (CSPs) was studied. ⋯ The performance of four unidirectional-flow CAIs supports their use in pharmacy and nursing CSP operations, whereas the performance of one turbulent-flow CAI does not.