Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Feb 2016
MicroRNA-150 Suppression of Angiopoetin-2 Generation and Signaling Is Crucial for Resolving Vascular Injury.
Increased vascular permeability is a hallmark of sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Angiopoietin (Ang2) induces vascular leak, and excess Ang2 generation is associated with patient mortality from these diseases. However, mechanisms dampening Ang2 generation during injury remain unclear. Interestingly, microRNA (miR)-150 levels were decreased in septic patients. miR regulate signaling networks by silencing mRNAs containing complementary sequences. Thus, we hypothesized that miR-150 suppresses Ang2 generation and thereby resolves vascular injury. ⋯ miR-150 is a novel suppressor of Ang2 generation with a key role in resolving vascular injury and reducing mortality resulting from sepsis.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Feb 2016
Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 5 Prevents Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Attenuates Neointima Formation.
Regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5) is abundantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and inhibits G-protein signaling by enhancing the guanosine triphosphate-hydrolyzing activity of Gα-subunits. In the present study, we investigated the effects of RGS5 on vascular SMC function in vitro and neointima formation after wire-induced injury in mice and determined the underlying mechanisms. ⋯ Downregulation of RGS5 is an important prerequisite for SMC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, reconstitution of RGS5 levels represents a promising therapeutic option to prevent vascular remodeling processes.