Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
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J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. · Mar 2019
ReviewThe Association Between Human Leukocyte Antigens and ITP, TTP, and HIT.
Autoimmune thrombocytopenia in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is associated with immunologic degradation of platelets and reduced platelet counts in patients, leading to bleeding risk in patients. Considering the role of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in the development of immune response, in this review, we examine the relationship between HLA and pathogenesis of the above-mentioned diseases. ⋯ HLA alleles can be used as prognostic biomarkers for immunologic disorders of platelet such as ITP, TTP, and HIT. Different DRB1 alleles enable the assessment of resistance to common ITP treatments as well as disease prognosis. Due to the genetic association between HLA-DR1 and HLA-DQ1 alleles and the role of HLA-DRB1 *11 in TTP, the HLA-DQB1 *02: 02 allele may also play a role in TTP pathogenesis.