European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies
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Measurement of the cross-sectional area (CSA) of peripheral nerves using ultrasound is useful in the evaluation of focal lesions like entrapment syndromes and inflammatory polyneuropathies. Here, a systematic review and meta-analysis of published CSA reference values for upper extremity nerves was performed. ⋯ The first meta-analysis on CSA reference values for the upper extremities with no or only low heterogeneity of reported CSA values in most nerve sites is provided. Our data facilitate the goal of an international standardized evaluation protocol.