Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]
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We investigated the effect of glibenclamide on inflammatory parameters in a model of acute gouty attack in rats. ⋯ Glibenclamide reduced nociception and edema, but not leukocyte infiltration, IL-1β release and PGE2 production. However, its substantial effect on nociception and edema suggests that glibenclamide can be an interesting option as an adjuvant treatment for pain induced by acute attacks of gout.
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We investigated whether dexmedetomidine provided protective effects on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice, through suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-6 (IL-6)] and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). ⋯ Dexmedetomidine could reduce the mortality rate and inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine responses during polymicrobial sepsis in mice.
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Gut barrier failure caused by endotoxemia is a life-threatening problem. The present study aimed to determine whether any specific intestinal site is highly correlated with gut barrier failure, and whether recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) can ameliorate gut barrier failure in a rat model of endotoxemia. ⋯ Endotoxemia can induce gut barrier failure in rats, and the ileum is the site of greatest risk. The GH can reduce the incidence of endotoxemia-induced gut barrier failure, but not the associated mortality.
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Flupirtine was developed long before K(V)7 (KCNQ) channels were known. However, it was clear from the beginning that flupirtine is neither an opioid nor a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic. Its unique muscle relaxing activity was discovered by serendipity. ⋯ Flupirtine is the first therapeutically used K(V)7 channel activator with additional GABA(A)ergic mechanisms and thus the first representative of a novel class of analgesics. The presently accepted main mode of its action, potassium K(V)7 (KCNQ) channel activation, opens a series of further therapeutic possibilities. One of them has now been realized: its back-up compound, the bioisostere retigabine, has been approved for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are defined as a special type of stem cell that have been found to directly incorporate into injured vessels and that participate in angiogenesis and reconstruction by differentiation into endothelial cells. EPCs are widely used to therapeutically treat cardiovascular disease, limb ischemia and vascular repair. However, the role of EPCs in inflammatory diseases, especially in lung injury, is less studied. ⋯ EPCs have a therapeutic potential for vascular regeneration and may emerge as novel strategy for the diseases that are associated with ALI/ARDS.