Oral diseases
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of intramuscular morphine in men and women with temporomandibular disorder with myofascial pain.
This placebo-controlled randomized double-blinded clinical study assessed the analgesic efficacy of intramuscular morphine in TMD patients with myofascial pain and sex-dependent responses of the morphine treatment. ⋯ A single dose intramuscular morphine produced analgesic effects up to 48 hr in patients with myofascial pain. Intramuscular morphine elevated mechanical pain threshold and tolerance in the masseter only in male patients, suggesting sex differences in local morphine effects. No systemic effect of intramuscular morphine was detected.
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Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is approximately twice as prevalent in women than in men. Synoviocytes are believed to play a critical role in joint inflammation. However, it is unknown whether synoviocytes from different genders possess sexual dimorphisms that contribute to female-predominant TMJOA. ⋯ Estrogen-sensitized synoviocytes in female rats may contribute to gender differences in the incidence and progression of TMJOA.