Multiple sclerosis : clinical and laboratory research
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Avonex Combination Trial in relapsing--remitting MS: rationale, design and baseline data.
To review the rationale, design and baseline data of the Avonex Combination Trial (ACT), an investigator-run study of intramuscular interferon beta-1a (IM IFNbeta-1a) combined with methotrexate (MTX) and/or IV methylprednisolone (IVMP) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients with continued disease activity on IM IFNbeta-1a monotherapy. ⋯ This study provides an innovative model for academic-industry collaborative MS research and will enhance understanding of the utility of combination therapy for RRMS patients with continued disease activity on an established first-line treatment.
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To examine prognosis and risk factors for progression to and from secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). ⋯ The RR phase lasted on average almost two decades, being shorter for males and those older at onset of MS. However, neither were necessarily unfavorable predictors as those older at onset were typically older at SPMS and eventually males and females reached EDSS 8 at around the same age. A longer RR phase was a favorable predictor of disease progression in SPMS. Furthermore, reaching SPMS at an older age or lower EDSS did not necessarily confer a worse outcome.