Multiple sclerosis : clinical and laboratory research
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Disease-activity-free status in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with daclizumab high-yield process in the SELECT study.
Daclizumab high-yield process (DAC HYP) is a humanized anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody that inhibits high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor signaling. ⋯ At one year, DAC HYP resulted in a meaningful increase in the proportion of relapsing-remitting MS patients who were disease-activity free versus placebo.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Application and a proposed modification of the 2010 McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in a Canadian cohort of patients with clinically isolated syndromes.
The 2005 and 2010 McDonald criteria utilize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide evidence of disease dissemination in space (DIS) and time (DIT) for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients who have clinically isolated syndromes (CIS). ⋯ Using 2010 McDonald criteria, 30% of the CIS patients could be diagnosed with MS using a single MRI scan. Inclusion of symptomatic lesions in the DIT criteria further increases this proportion to 33%.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) on health-related quality of life in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: findings from the CONFIRM study.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with symptoms adversely affecting many aspects of everyday living. BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) demonstrated significant efficacy in the phase III studies DEFINE and CONFIRM in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. ⋯ Mean Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary scores for BG-12 increased over 2 years and scores for placebo decreased. Coupled with clinical and neuroradiological benefits, these HRQoL results further support BG-12 as an effective oral treatment for relapsing MS.
-
Multicenter Study
Magnetic resonance imaging correlates of physical disability in relapse onset multiple sclerosis of long disease duration.
Understanding long-term disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a key goal of research; it is relevant to how we monitor and treat the disease. ⋯ Long-term physical disability was independently linked with atrophy of the spinal cord and brain T2 lesion load, and less consistently, with brain grey matter atrophy. Combinations of spinal cord and brain MRI measures may be required to capture clinically-relevant information in people with MS of long disease duration.
-
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
The effect of plasma exchange on serum anti-JC virus antibodies.
Natalizumab, a highly effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) and Crohn's disease, is associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Upon suspicion or diagnosis of PML, plasma exchange (PLEX) is performed to remove natalizumab from the circulation, allowing immune reconstitution of the central nervous system. Since PLEX may also remove other circulating antibodies, we examined the effects of PLEX on serum immunoglobulin (IgG) and anti-JC virus (JCV) antibody levels in MS patients with and without PML. ⋯ Our results indicate that PLEX effectively removes circulating antibodies; however, levels of endogenous anti-JCV antibody, unlike exogenously administered natalizumab, were replenished relatively quickly following PLEX. While interpretation of anti-JCV antibody levels during or within two weeks after PLEX may be problematic, humoral JCV immunity is not abolished by PLEX and antibody levels are rapidly restored.