Parkinsonism & related disorders
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · Dec 2014
Risk of Parkinson's disease following severe constipation: a nationwide population-based cohort study.
Constipation is a non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the association between the severity of constipation and subsequent risk of PD in a population-based sample. ⋯ Our study suggests that the severity of constipation is associated with a future diagnosis of PD in a dose-dependent manner.
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · Nov 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized, placebo-controlled trial of trimethobenzamide to control nausea and vomiting during initiation and continued treatment with subcutaneous apomorphine injection.
Nausea and vomiting can occur in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients initiated on apomorphine subcutaneous injections and antiemetic prophylaxis is recommended per product labeling. Data suggest long-term antiemetic prophylaxis may not be needed, although this has not been systematically studied. ⋯ Our data suggest that trimethobenzamide helps reduce nausea/vomiting during the first 8 weeks of apomorphine therapy, but is generally not needed thereafter. Trimethobenzamide did not worsen parkinsonism nor affect "on" response after apomorphine injection.
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · Nov 2014
Comparative StudyComparison of voluntary and reflex cough effectiveness in Parkinson's disease.
Multiple airway protective mechanisms are impacted with Parkinson's disease (PD), including swallowing and cough. Cough serves to eject material from the lower airways, and can be produced voluntarily (on command) and reflexively in response to aspirate material or other airway irritants. Voluntary cough effectiveness is reduced in PD however it is not known whether reflex cough is affected as well. The goal of this study was to compare the effectiveness between voluntary and reflex cough in patients with idiopathic PD. ⋯ Cough PEFR and CEV are indicative of cough effectiveness in terms of the ability to remove material from the lower airways. Differences between these two cough types likely reflect differences in the coordination of the respiratory and laryngeal subsystems. Clinicians should be aware that evaluation of cough function using voluntary cough tasks overestimates the PEFR and CEV that would be achieved during reflex cough in patients with PD.
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · Nov 2014
Montreal Cognitive Assessment for the screening and prediction of cognitive decline in early Parkinson's disease.
Early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in PD would allow appropriate monitoring and timely intervention to reduce the progression to dementia (PDD). ⋯ MoCA is a reliable tool in predicting cognitive decline in early PD. A MoCA score of ≤26 significantly increases the risk for progressive cognitive decline.