Parkinsonism & related disorders
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · Sep 2018
The diagnostic accuracy of the hummingbird and morning glory sign in patients with neurodegenerative parkinsonism.
The hummingbird sign and the morning glory flower sign, reflecting midbrain pathology on MRI, have previously been shown to separate patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from those with Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). The aim of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of visual assessment of midbrain atrophy patterns in a large cohort of patients with neurodegenerative parkinsonism. ⋯ Midbrain atrophy patterns are useful in the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative parkinsonism but both the hummingbird sign and more so the morning glory flower sign suffer from low sensitivity, especially in early disease stages.
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · Jun 2018
Cerebral gray matter volume losses in essential tremor: A case-control study using high resolution tissue probability maps.
Essential tremor (ET) is increasingly recognized as a multi-dimensional disorder with both motor and non-motor features. For this reason, imaging studies are more broadly examining regions outside the cerebellar motor loop. Reliable detection of cerebral gray matter (GM) atrophy requires optimized processing, adapted to high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We investigated cerebral GM volume loss in ET cases using automated segmentation of MRI T1-weighted images. ⋯ This study, which uses improved methodologies, provides evidence that GM volume loss in ET is present beyond the cerebellum, and in fact, is widespread throughout the cerebrum as well.
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · Jun 2018
Case ReportsDCTN1 F52L mutation case of Perry syndrome with progressive supranuclear palsy-like tauopathy.
Perry syndrome is a rapidly progressive, autosomal dominant parkinsonism characterized by central hypoventilation, depression and severe weight loss. To date, eight DCTN1 mutations have been identified associated with Perry syndrome. A novel F52L DCTN1 mutation case of Perry syndrome is characterized by late-onset parkinsonism and frontotemporal atrophy. ⋯ In conjunction with long disease duration and aging, our findings suggest that the F52L DCTN1 mutation may evoke severe tauopathy and moderate α-synucleinopathy.
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Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. · May 2018
Sex differences in progression to mild cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson's disease.
Identification of factors associated with progression of cognitive symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) is important for treatment planning, clinical care, and design of future clinical trials. The current study sought to identify whether prediction of cognitive progression is aided by examining baseline cognitive features, and whether this differs according to stage of cognitive disease. ⋯ This study provides evidence for sex differences in the progression to cognitive impairment in PD, while specific cognitive features become more important indicators of progression with impending conversion to PDD.