Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
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Clin. Microbiol. Infect. · Sep 2014
ReviewInvasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients.
Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients have a significant risk of invasive fungal diseases (IFD) caused mainly by Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. Candida spp. is the most frequent agent of IFD in the transplant recipient. The absence of clinical trials and the epidemiological differences in IFD in different transplant programmes mean that there are no definitive recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of IFD in SOT, so most of the evidence must be based on clinical experience.
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Clin. Microbiol. Infect. · Sep 2014
ReviewInfections in solid organ transplant HIV-infected patients.
Solid organ transplantation (SOT) is an appropriate therapeutic option for HIV-infected patients with end-stage organ disease. Recent experience in North America and Europe indicates that 3- to 5-year survival in HIV/HCV-coinfected liver recipients is lower than that of HCV-monoinfected recipients. Conversely, 3- to 5-year survival of non-HCV-coinfected transplant patients (liver, kidney and heart) was similar to that of non-HIV-infected patients. ⋯ The recommended antiretroviral regimen is one based on raltegravir or dolutegravir plus two nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (tenofovir + emtricitabine or abacavir + lamivudine), because it can prevent pharmacokinetic interactions between antiretroviral drugs, immunosuppressive drugs and some of the antimicrobial agents used to treat or prevent post-transplant infections. In this manuscript, we review current recommendations for preventing infections both before and after transplantation. We also analyse the incidence, aetiology and clinical characteristics of opportunistic and non-opportunistic bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal and viral infections in HIV-infected SOT recipients during the post-transplant period.