European journal of medical research
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Germline mutations in PALB2 gene make a small contribution to heritable breast cancer susceptibility. A recent report has revealed that women with mutations in the PALB2 gene were more than nine times as likely to develop breast cancer compared to those without. The aim of this study is to understand the status of PALB2 mutations among Chinese high-risk breast cancer patients in a multi-ethnic region in China. ⋯ PALB2 mutations account for a small, but not negligible, proportion of patients with hereditary predisposition to breast cancer in the Xinjing region of China.
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Sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) remain the most frequent causes of complications and death in severely injured patients. A main reason for the development of these syndromes is a post-traumatic dysregulation of the immune system. Several studies in intensive care unit (ICU) patients could detect a pivotal role of HLA-DR expression on monocytes. So far, its importance for development of SIRS, sepsis or MODS in the severely injured patient is not clear. ⋯ In conclusion, post-traumatic HLA-DR expression on monocytes is significantly reduced after multiple trauma and it is back to normal on day 14. No significant changes in HLA-DR expression on monocytes from severely injured patients suffering from SIRS, MODS or sepsis compared to those who did not have complications could be detected. Nevertheless, HLA-DR expression on monocytes may be used to identify the immunological pro- or anti-inflammatory phase the patient is going through.
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Refractory cardiac arrest (CA) occasionally develops in patients after cardiac surgery. ⋯ ECPR can be effective for partial cardiopulmonary support to resuscitate adult patients suffering from refractory CA after cardiac surgery. Improvement in outcomes of patients who received ECPR requires a multidisciplinary approach to protect organ function and limit organ injury before and during cardiac support.