Annals of surgery
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Re-expansion of atelectatic lung is associated with increased permeability. This study tests whether neutrophils mediate this event. Right middle lobar atelectasis was induced in anesthesized rabbits (n = 18) by intraluminal obstruction of the bronchus after a 20-minute ventilation with 100% O2. ⋯ V. with the anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 monoclonal antibody (RR 1/1, 1 mg/kg), which also prevented leukopenia and showed similar protection of microvascular barrier function. These data indicate that adherent neutrophils in large part mediate lung permeability and edema after atelectasis and re-expansion. Adhesion receptors of both neutrophils and endothelial cells regulate this event.