Annals of surgery
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The authors determined whether microscopically positive surgical margins are detrimental to the outcome of early stage breast cancer patients treated with conservation surgery and radiation therapy. ⋯ The authors recommend re-excision for patients with positive margins because of improved local control of those rendered margin negative and identification of those patients at high risk for local failure (those who remain positive after re-excision). Because margin status impacts on local control, tumor margins after conservation surgery should be accurately determined in all patients.
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This study was undertaken to evaluate whether hematologic and immunologic effects observed after bacteremia and endotoxemia in the host could be replicated by administration of recombinant human interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) in a primate model. Furthermore, to determine whether endogenously produced interleukin-1 (IL-1) contributes to the changes observed during endotoxemia or gram-negative septic shock, a specific IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 ra) was administered. ⋯ These results suggest that administration of recombinant human IL-1 alpha can replicate some of the characteristic patterns of hematologic change associated with bacteremia and endotoxemia. However, an endogenous IL-1 response is not required for these changes to occur. Rather, the data suggest that other inflammatory mediators induced by endotoxemia or gram-negative bacteremia, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), may be involved.
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This study sought to determine the basal and peak-stimulated acid secretion from the proximal gastric pouch and its relationship to absorption of free and food-bound vitamin B12 after gastric bypass for morbid obesity. ⋯ After vertical Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity, acid secretion is virtually absent and food-bound vitamin B12 is maldigested and subsequently malabsorbed. The results of this study suggest that postoperative vitamin B12 supplementation is important and can be achieved with either monthly parenteral vitamin B12 or daily oral crystalline preparations.