Annals of surgery
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The aim of this study was to use barium upper gastrointestinal series (UGI) to evaluate the development and natural history of a hiatal hernia. ⋯ We showed that both SHH and PEH can develop over time and that the majority of both increased in size on follow-up UGI study. Further, 25% of SHH became a PEH over time. Recognizing an increase in size or change in type of a hiatal hernia may be clinically relevant to help understand changing or worsening symptoms in an individual.