Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
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Clinical Trial
Preoperative Assessment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Split-Bolus Combined Phase Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography.
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a split-bolus combined phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography protocol in evaluation of liver vasculature in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients for the purpose of surgery guidance. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two groups of patients were recruited for the study: 24 consecutive cases of HCC who underwent multiphasic CT examination, and 22 consecutive cases who afterwards underwent split-bolus combined phase CT examination. The multiphasic protocol included an unenhanced scan and 3 image acquisitions after contrast injection. ⋯ The ED was significantly lower in the split-bolus protocol, corresponding to a dose reduction of 66% compared to the multiphasic protocol (P<.05). The scores of the branches of the hepatic vein in the split-bolus protocol were not lower than those in the multiphasic protocol. CONCLUSIONS For the preoperative HCC patients, the split-bolus combined phase CT examination meets the diagnostic requirement of surgical planning, with approximately 60% reduction in the radiation dose.
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BACKGROUND Prostate carcinoma (PCa) is often not diagnosed until advanced disease with bone metastasis. Predictive factors for bone metastasis are required to improve patient outcomes. The study aimed to analyze the factors associated with bone metastases in newly diagnosed patients with PCa. ⋯ Cut-off values for PSA, Gleason score, and AR expression were 67.1 ng/ml (sensitivity: 55.6%; specificity: 97.1%), 7.5 (sensitivity: 75.6%; specificity: 82.9%), and 2.5 (sensitivity: 84.0%; specificity: 91.4%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS PSA, Gleason score, and AR expression in PCa tissues were independently associated with PCa bone metastases. These results could help identifying patients with PCa at high risk of bone metastases.
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BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify risk factors for vascular injury in proximal femoral fracture through identifying frequency and distances between femur and femoral arteries with computed tomography angiography and 3-dimensional reconstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a series of 400 participants, based on measurement results regarding the distribution of femoral arteries in the medial femur, the femoral portion covering that part was divided into levels A-E. The center region, margin region, and risky area in the medial femur were defined. ⋯ The femoral arteries in center regions in the risky area, most of which were DFAs and PFAs, were mainly concentrated at levels B (26.93%) and C (11.81%). CONCLUSIONS The mid-shaft level was the most risky level, and the DFAs and PFAs were easier to injure than the SFAs when performing internal fixation of proximal femoral fracture. We recommended that great attention be paid to drill and screw insertion around the mid-shaft level for prevention of iatrogenic vascular injury.