Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
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Inappropriate medication prescribing by doctors is an important preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. This study investigates doctor knowledge about potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) in elderly, their confidence in prescribing for the elderly and explores perceived barriers. ⋯ Many primary care doctors possess a poor knowledge of PIP and are unaware of prescribing guidelines such as the Beers criteria. Our survey indicates that doctor usage of the Beers criteria might correlate with improved judgement in prescribing for the elderly. Most doctors report multiple barriers to appropriate prescribing in the elderly. Lack of formal education about prescribing guidelines was the only barrier that correlated with the doctors' level of training.
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Emergency admissions of frail older people in care homes, many of whom have dementia, are critical events which should be avoided if possible. To identify and influence factors related to emergency admissions and place of death. ⋯ The aims of the audit were achieved with a 43% reduction in emergency admissions and a 45% reduction in deaths in hospital but at the expense of a 12% increase in visits. Improved anticipatory planning and increased medical and nursing support for patients and staff in residential homes may help to further reduce emergency admissions and deaths in hospital in future.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
C-reactive protein point of care testing and physician communication skills training for lower respiratory tract infections in general practice: economic evaluation of a cluster randomized trial.
An economic evaluation of general practitioner (GP) use of C-reactive protein (CRP) point of care test, GP communication skills training, and both GP use of CRP and communication skills training on antibiotic use for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in general practice. ⋯ The two strategies, both singly and combined, are cost-effective interventions to reduce antibiotic prescribing for LRTI, at no, or low willingness-to-pay. Taking GP preferences into account will optimize investment in strategies to reduce antibiotic prescribing for LRTI.
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The accuracy of health care professionals in reporting safety events determines their usefulness for both system improvement and research. The study objectives were to: (1) validate (assess the accuracy of) the reasons recorded by doctors and pharmacists for discontinuing medication orders at discharge in a hospital's electronic patient records (EPR); (2) investigate the causes of any detected recording inaccuracy; and (3) collect preliminary data on the frequency and types of medication discontinuation. ⋯ This study showed that doctors and pharmacists recorded accurate reasons for the majority of the discontinued medication orders. It also showed that utilizing pharmacists' recorded reasons during clinical interventions using EPR was beneficial in understanding and characterizing prescribing errors. Although they require further research, the reasons identified present preliminary data about the most prevalent types of pharmacists' interventions during hospital discharge.
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The evidence to support the effectiveness of home telemonitoring interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited, yet there are many efforts made to implement these technologies across health care services. ⋯ Despite these caveats, the study reports are themselves positive about their results. However, given the risk of bias in the design and scale of the evaluations we conclude that the benefit of telemonitoring for COPD is not yet proven and that further work is required before wide-scale implementation be supported.