Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Jul 2020
Meta AnalysisEffectiveness of vaginal microbicides in preventing HIV transmission.
To evaluate the evidence on the effectiveness of vaginal microbicides in preventing HIV transmission in women. ⋯ The long-acting intravaginal ring containing dapivirine significantly reduced risk of HIV transmission in women by 29%. The remaining microbicides had no evident effect.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Jul 2020
Meta AnalysisSystematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among adults in Bangladesh, India and Myanmar.
To estimate the pooled prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption (STC) by gender and location in Bangladesh, India and Myanmar and to identify periodic changes in STC prevalence using data extracted from published studies. ⋯ The prevalence of STC in Bangladesh, India and Myanmar is highest in rural areas and among men. Public health prevention strategies are needed to maintain decrease in STC in Bangladesh and India, and to reverse the increased use in Myanmar.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Feb 2019
Systematic review of factors associated with the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome 2007-2017: what has changed?
The objective of this study was to describe the factors associated with the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome, both infectious and non-infectious, during and after the A(H1N1) influenza pandemic in 2009 and the recent Zika virus epidemic in the Americas. ⋯ The results of the review reaffirmed C. jejuni as the major trigger of GBS, whereas the association of influenza vaccines and GBS is less clear; Zika virus infection in association with GBS was found in only one study.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Oct 2017
ReviewClostridium difficile infection in low- and middle-human development index countries: a systematic review.
To describe the impact and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in low- and middle-human development index (LMHDI) countries. ⋯ While the percentages of patients with CDI in LMHDI countries among the reviewed studies are lower than expected, there remains a paucity of epidemiologic data evaluating burden of C. difficile infection in these settings.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Oct 2017
ReviewClostridium difficile infection in low- and middle-human development index countries: a systematic review.
To describe the impact and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in low- and middle-human development index (LMHDI) countries. ⋯ While the percentages of patients with CDI in LMHDI countries among the reviewed studies are lower than expected, there remains a paucity of epidemiologic data evaluating burden of C. difficile infection in these settings.