Environmental toxicology and pharmacology
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Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. · Jul 2015
ReviewA review on endocrine disruptors and their possible impacts on human health.
Endocrine disruption is a named field of research which has been very active for over 10 years, although the effects of endocrine disruptors in wildlife have been studied mainly in vast since the 1940s. A large number of chemicals have been identified as endocrine disruptors and humans can be exposed to them either due to their occupations or through dietary and environmental exposure (water, soil and air). Endocrine disrupting chemicals are compounds that alter the normal functioning of the endocrine system of both humans and wildlife. ⋯ For several years there have been a growing interest on the mechanism and effect of endocrine disruptors and their relation with environment and human health effect. This paper, based on extensive literature survey, briefly studies the progress mainly in human to provide information concerning causative substances, mechanism of action, ubiquity of effects and important issues related to endocrine disruptors. It also reviews the current knowledge of the potential impacts of endocrine disruptors on human health so that the effects can be known and remedies applied for the problem as soon as possible.
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Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. · Jul 2015
Neuroprotective effects of Kukoamine B against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and potential mechanisms in SH-SY5Y cells.
Oxidative stress mediates the cell damage in several neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed at investigating the protective effects of Kukoamine B (KuB) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cell injury and potential mechanisms in SH-SY5Y cells. ⋯ Moreover, KuB minimized the ROS formation and inhibited mitochondria-apoptotic pathway, MAPKs (p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK) pathways, but activated PI3K-AKT pathway. In conclusion, we believed that KuB may potentially serve as an agent for prevention of several human neurodegenerative and other disorders caused by oxidative stress.