Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS
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J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst. · Jan 1998
ReviewAnti-ganglioside antibody and neuropathy: review of our research.
Some patients developed Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) after the administration of bovine gangliosides. Patients with GBS subsequent to Campylobacter jejuni enteritis frequently have IgG antibody to GM1 ganglioside. Fisher's syndrome (FS), a variant of GBS, is associated with IgG antibody to GQ1b ganglioside. ⋯ The molecular mimicry between infectious agents and gangliosides may function in the production of anti-ganglioside antibodies and the development of GBS and FS. Anti-GQ1b IgG antibody is detected also in Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis and acute ophthalmoparesis, which suggests that these conditions are categorized as autoimmune diseases related to FS. Since a tryptophan-immobilized column effectively adsorb anti-GQ1b IgG antibody, immunoadsorption with the column should be considered as an alternative form of plasmapheresis for the anti-GQ1b IgG antibody syndrome.
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J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst. · Jan 1998
Stimulation and recording from regenerated peripheral nerves through polyimide sieve electrodes.
This paper describes the use of a new polyimide sieve electrode as a chronic neural interface to stimulate and record signals from regenerated peripheral nerves. Flexible thin polyimide electrodes were placed in silicone chambers and implanted between the severed ends of the sciatic nerve in rats. The sieve part of the interface has 281 round via holes of 40 microns diameter, with seven integrated recording-stimulating electrodes arranged around via holes. ⋯ Longitudinal sections showed myelinated fibers, with normal appearance and well developed myelin sheath, crossing the via holes. Stimulation of the regenerated nerve through the polyimide electrode evoked distal muscle and nerve responses similar in amplitude to those evoked by nerve stimulation with hook metal electrodes. The polyimide electrodes were useful for recording nerve action potentials in response to electrical stimulation of the distal regenerated nerve, and in response to functional sensory stimulation of several modalities.
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J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst. · Jan 1998
Upregulation of growth associated protein 43 expression and neuronal co-expression with neuropeptide Y following inferior alveolar nerve axotomy in the rat.
Growth associated protein 43 (GAP 43) is an acidic membrane-bound phosphoprotein produced at high levels in developing and regenerating neurons. It is a substrate for protein kinase C and suggested to be involved in calcium-regulated release of axonal vesicular-contained neurotransmitters. Expression of GAP 43 has been demonstrated in the uninjured cat dental pulp which receives its sensory nerve supply from the trigeminal ganglion. ⋯ The peripheral and ganglionic upregulation of GAP 43 continued to persist at 21 days. A concomitant time-delayed shift and co-expression of NPY was demonstrated throughout in the GAP 43-upregulated ganglion cells 10 days post axotomy. Furthermore, confocal microscopy indicated that the intraneuronal distribution of NPY and upregulated GAP 43 expression showed a similar conformity and distribution in both perinuclear regions and cell periphery.