The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Dec 2013
Comparative StudyComorbid pulmonary disease and risk of community-acquired pneumonia in COPD patients.
Risk of pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients due to comorbid pulmonary disease is not well understood. ⋯ For COPD patients: 1) increased age, low BMI, lung cancer and bronchiectasis may increase the risk of CAP, and 2) without respiratory comorbid disease, ICS use increases the risk of CAP.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Dec 2013
Comparative StudyCost-effectiveness of a 12-dose regimen for treating latent tuberculous infection in the United States.
A large randomized controlled trial recently showed that for treating latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) in persons at high risk of progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease, a 12-dose regimen of weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid (3HP) administered as directly observed treatment (DOT) can be as effective as 9 months of daily self-administered isoniazid (9H). ⋯ 3HP may be a cost-effective alternative to 9H, particularly if the cost of rifapentine decreases, the effectiveness of 3HP can be maintained without DOT, and 3HP treatment is limited to those with a high risk of progression to TB disease.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Dec 2013
Multicenter StudyPredictors of hospital admission in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
To identify factors predictive of hospital admission among patients attending an emergency department (ED) with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to determine if these were consistent with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommendations. ⋯ Among COPD patients presenting to the ED with exacerbation, factors immediately associated with episode severity were independent predictors of hospitalisation. Our criteria for hospitalisation are in line with GOLD recommendations.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Dec 2013
Observational StudyIsoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide plasma concentrations 2 and 6 h post dose in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Low concentrations of anti-tuberculosis drugs are related to drug resistance and treatment failure. ⋯ The results indicate that RMP concentrations are below the reference range in most patients, while PZA is within the target range of the standard doses.