The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Dec 2009
Review Comparative StudyComparison of community-acquired pneumonia due to methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus producing the Panton-Valentine leukocidin.
To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) producing the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). ⋯ Patients with MRSA PVL-positive CAP did not have higher rates of mortality than patients with MSSA PVL-positive CAP.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Dec 2009
Contact screening and chemoprophylaxis in India's Revised Tuberculosis Control Programme: a situational analysis.
India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) recommends screening of all household contacts of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases for tuberculosis (TB) disease, and 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for asymptomatic children aged <6 years. ⋯ Provision for documentation using a separate IPT card and focused training may help improve the implementation of contact screening and IPT.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Dec 2009
The pneumonia severity index and the CRB-65 in cancer patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
The ability of the pneumonia severity index (PSI) and the CRB-65 to identify patients with low vs. high risk for mortality among cancer patients with CAP has not been evaluated. ⋯ Clinical judgment will continue to be the physicians' primary tool in defining the site of care for cancer patients with CAP.
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Uzbekistan has had 100% DOTS coverage since 2005; however, the treatment success rate has remained at around 80% for the last 4 years. Surveys from the capital city of Tashkent and from western Uzbekistan have shown high levels of primary multidrug resistance. ⋯ Prescriptions of anti-tuberculosis drugs for new TB patients are adequate; however, the practice of prescribing additional non-TB drugs needs to be reconsidered.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Nov 2009
Case ReportsFirst documentation of isoniazid reversion in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are increasing worldwide and pose a major threat to global health. However, it remains unsettled whether drug-resistant mutants are fixed in the bacterial population or if they would revert in the absence of drug pressure. ⋯ This study confirms that, in the absence of INH pressure, some INH-resistant mutants will revert to a drug-susceptible phenotype. This finding may have broader implications for INH-resistant strains and for the clinically useful lifespan of INH.