Eating and weight disorders : EWD
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The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is an emerging pandemic, with a disease course varying from asymptomatic infection to critical disease resulting to death. Recognition of prognostic factors is essential because of its growing prevalence and high clinical costs. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the global prevalence of obesity in COVID-19 patients and to investigate whether obesity is a risk factor for the COVID-19, COVID-19 severity, and its poor clinical outcomes including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality. ⋯ Level I, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
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Despite the increasing prevalence of obesity in Italy, it remains largely underdiagnosed and undertreated. We aimed to identify the perceptions, attitudes, behaviours and barriers to effective obesity care among people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Italy. ⋯ Most PwO took complete responsibility for their own weight loss and waited considerable time before seeking help from an HCP. There is a need for improved education of both PwO and HCPs and for a more positive attitude from HCPs towards initiating weight discussions with PwO. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: Awareness, Care & Treatment in Obesity Management - an International Observation (ACTION-IO). ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03584191 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Athletes who perform combat sports tend to engage in weight-management strategies to fit in a specific weight class that are characterized by disordered eating behaviours. This study aimed to (1) characterize eating behaviours and adaptation to stress regarding an unwanted weight change before a competition; (2) evaluate the differences between athletes who consider unwanted weight changes as a challenge or as a threat in regard to emotions, coping strategies and eating behaviours; and (3) evaluate whether some of these variables related to the unwanted weight change (e.g., emotions, cognitive appraisal of the situation) are predictors of disordered eating behaviours in combat sports. ⋯ Level III, case-control analytic study.
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We previously reported three cases of portal hypertension in patients with prolonged anorexia nervosa (AN) with laxative abuse and self-induced vomiting; we now report a fourth, similar case. ⋯ We found tubulointerstitial nephritis and decreased myocardial mass in a patient with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension and prolonged AN with laxative abuse and habitual self-induced vomiting. We propose that reciprocal interactions between multiple factors related to AN, including laxative toxicity, dehydration, renal disorder, and cardiac insufficiency, result in portal hypertension. Level of Evidence Level V.
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The aim of this original research is to evaluate the effect of SG on alcohol intake symptoms, blood alcohol content (BAC), and alcohol metabolite levels. ⋯ Level III obtained from well-designed cohort analytic study.