Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
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The ophthalmological examination of premature infants, which is essential for the detection of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), can be painful and distressing for the infant. Various researchers have investigated the benefits of topical anesthesia, oral sucrose, and non pharmacological intervention for pain relief. The purpose of this study is to review the current state of knowledge on the effectiveness of these approaches. ⋯ Topical anesthetics marginally reduce pain during eye examination in premature infants. Contrary to standard practice, it appears that patients are more comfortable if they are fed before the examination, and there is no benefit of oral sucrose. Nonpharmacological interventions, including sucking on a pacifier and nesting, may also be beneficial.
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Case Reports
Adams-Oliver syndrome associated with bilateral anterior polar cataracts and optic disk drusen.
Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) (MIM 100300) was first described in 1945 as a condition of terminal transverse limb defects and aplasia cutis congenita. Since then, its clinical features have been found to be highly variable and include cardiac defects, abdominal wall defects, vascular malformations, brain abnormalities, and ocular anomalies. We report the case of a 3-year-old girl with AOS who was also found to have bilateral anterior polar cataracts and pseudopapilledema secondary to optic disk drusen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of bilateral anterior polar cataracts and pseudopapilledema secondary to optic disk drusen to be reported in association with the AOS.
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We describe a case of unilateral retinoblastoma in a 13-month-old boy who presented with signs of orbital cellulitis. Heterochromia, hyphema, and vitreous hemorrhage were observed. Initial computed tomography (CT) imaging failed to reveal the calcified intraocular mass that was later identified on ultrasonography. ⋯ Genetic testing was equivocal. The patient is presumed to have had retinoblastoma that underwent autoinfarction, leading to secondary inflammation. This case highlights the importance of complete ocular evaluation and proper imaging modalities in children presenting with orbital cellulitis.