Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Photographic assessment of retinal hemorrhages in infant head injury: the Childhood Hemorrhagic Retinopathy Study.
Retinal hemorrhages (RH) in babies in the absence of severe trauma or a medical cause have been strongly associated with abusive head trauma (AHT). We examined the pattern of RH in accidental head injury and AHT objectively using widefield retinal imaging. ⋯ Our imaging study confirmed that RH in infants with head injury have a high positive likelihood ratio for AHT. A severe hemorrhagic retinopathy, particularly in association with perimacular folds or macular retinoschisis, has the highest positive predictive value for AHT.
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Joubert syndrome is a congenital neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting the midbrain and hindbrain. It is characterized by ataxia, hypotonia, and developmental delay as well as apnea or abnormal ocular motor function. We describe and present a video of a child with Joubert syndrome with an alternating skew deviation in primary position rather than on lateral gaze, which is a more characteristic phenotype of this condition.