Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
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Case Reports
Terson syndrome with ipsilateral severe hemorrhagic retinopathy in a 7-month-old child.
In infants with intracranial hemorrhage, the most common cause of intraocular hemorrhages is abusive head trauma. Terson syndrome is rare in infants, and the retinal findings, although not well reported in the literature, are generally limited to the posterior pole. We report a case of a 7-month-old boy who developed ipsilateral, extensive preretinal and intraretinal hemorrhage after subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm.
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Review Case Reports
Acquired infantile Horner syndrome and spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection: a case report and review of literature.
Horner syndrome, a triad of ptosis, anisocoria, and anhidrosis, results from interruption in the oculosympathetic pathway. It is classically described as either congenital or acquired to depict its underlying pathophysiology and requisite work-up. We report a case of a 10-month-old infant presenting with an acute onset of left Horner syndrome secondary to a spontaneous extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature of acute onset of acquired infantile Horner syndrome in association with spontaneous carotid artery dissection confirmed with magnetic resonance angiogram.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Mydriasis induced by sub-Tenon's ropivacaine injection in patients undergoing strabismus surgery.
To investigate the effects of sub-Tenon's capsule ropivacaine injection on pupillary diameter in strabismus surgery. ⋯ Ropivacaine in the sub-Tenon's capsule induces a mydriasis probably related to a pharmacological ciliary ganglion block.
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To evaluate the status of ophthalmology education in pediatric residency programs in the United States. ⋯ Most pediatric residency program directors want pediatric ophthalmology as part of their formal curricula, but one-fourth of programs are currently either lacking formal ophthalmic education or their directors are dissatisfied with their ophthalmic curricula. Pediatric ophthalmology training programs should be developed to assist those residency programs that are not satisfied with their ophthalmic education. Ophthalmologists are encouraged to participate in these efforts.
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The ichthyoses are a collection of scaling skin diseases or keratinizing skin disorders giving the appearance of "fish skin," of which harlequin ichthyosis is the most severe form. It is characterized by profound thickening of the keratin skin layer, armorlike scales that cover the body, and contraction abnormalities of the eyes, ears, and mouth. We report a case of a 6-week-old boy with harlequin ichthyosis and severe bilateral upper and lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion who underwent surgical repair with full-thickness postauricular skin autografts. To our knowledge, this is the youngest reported case and the only case of harlequin ichthyosis in which postauricular skin grafts were used.