British journal of anaesthesia
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Five hundred patients receiving one of three different formulations of etomidate were observed on the 2nd and 3rd days after operation for possible venous sequelae. The total frequency of sequelae was 8% or more, the greatest being with the propylene glycol formulation (23%). Formulation of the drug and total dose employed were the most important factors influencing venous sequelae, which were not related to pain on injection.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of maternal position on fetal heart rate during extradural analgesia.
Using continuous cardiotocography, the effect of maternal position on fetal heart rate (FHR) was studied during extradural analgesia (EA) with either 50 or 100 mg of etidocaine without adrenaline for labour and vaginal delivery. Of 70 healthy parturients, 39 were supine and 40 were in the lateral position. ⋯ Transient abnormal patterns occurred in 26 patients, 22 (56%) in the supine group and four (10%) in the lateral group, a significant difference (P less than 0.001). The decrease in arterial pressure (AP) did not differ between the groups, but the frequency of abnormal FHR associated with a small or moderate decrease in AP (30% or less) was greater in the supine (51%) than in the lateral group (3%).
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Comparison of anti-pollution modifications of Mapleson A and D anaesthetic systems.
Hafnia A and Hafnia D anaesthetic systems are non-polluting modifications of the Mapleson A and D systems. The excess gas is vented in the Hafnia systems directly and continuously via a calibrated ejector flowmeter. Sixteen adult patients anaesthetized for abdominal surgery were ventilated and either Hafnia A or D systems at six different fresh gas flows. No difference between the Hafnia A and D systems could be demonstrated in the values of arterial carbon dioxide tension measured with the same fresh gas flow, despite gas flows in opposite directions.