British journal of anaesthesia
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The effects of posture on the spread of isobaric and hyperbaric amethocaine were studied after intrathecal injection in 60 patients. Gravity had no effect on the spread of isobaric solutions and, while hyperbaric solutions did spread under the effect of gravity, it was found that posture could not be used to control spread effectively. The results also show that the dose of local anaesthetic injected had a more important effect on the duration of blockade than on the spread.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of baricity on spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine.
In a double-blind study of spinal anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine 3 ml with no glucose, 5% glucose or 8% glucose all three solutions gave consistently good nerve blocks. The hyperbaric solutions (5% and 8% glucose) produced a greater cephalad spread and were suitable for lower abdominal surgery, whereas the plain solution (no glucose) seldom affected the thoracic nerves. Cardiovascular changes were more marked with the hyperbaric solutions but only necessitated treatment on two occasions. The duration of block was not affected by baricity and was in the range 140-160 min.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Influence of suxamethonium on the potency of ORG NC 45 in anaesthetized patients.
The non-depolarizing neuromuscular block produced by Org NC 45 was potentiated by the previous administration of suxamethonium 1 mg kg-1, shown by twitch depression of 91.3 +/- 2.4% when the same dose of Org NC 45 was administered after recovery from suxamethonium compared with the control value of 71.9 +/- 6.5%. The recovery index was also prolonged from 8.1 +/- 0.3 to 10.4 +/- 1.0 min after suxamethonium. The dose-response curves for Org NC 45 showed a 1.66 potentiation factor for ED50 and 1.73 for ED95, caused by the previous administration of suxamethonium. This interaction is likely to occur in the plasma.
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Adult male and female rats were exposed chronically to halothane 10 p.p.m., enflurane 20 p.p.m. or air for up to 64 days before mating and subsequently throughout the pregnancy of the females. The parents, progeny and, in a few cases, the subsequent generation, were studied. ⋯ Skeletal examination did not reveal any major teratological effects for either agent. No consistent organ injury could be associated with chronic exposure to the agents under the conditions of this study.
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Letter Case Reports
An infrequent cause of pulmonary atelectasis during mechanical ventilation.