British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Management of post-strabismus nausea and vomiting in children using ondansetron: a value-based comparison of outcomes.
This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of prophylactic ondansetron versus early ondansetron treatment in the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children undergoing strabismus repair using clinically meaningful outcomes and value-based principles. ⋯ Compared with early symptomatic treatment with ondansetron, prophylactic ondansetron shortened fast-tracking time and duration of PACU stay and improved parental satisfaction and therapeutic outcomes at a lower direct cost.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Comparison of intrathecal fentanyl and diamorphine in addition to bupivacaine for caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.
Co-administration of small doses of opioids and bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia reduces intraoperative discomfort and may reduce postoperative analgesic requirements in patients undergoing Caesarean section. Fentanyl and diamorphine are the two most frequently used agents in UK obstetric anaesthetic practice. ⋯ Both intrathecal opioids reduce intraoperative discomfort, but only diamorphine reduced postoperative analgesic requirement beyond the immediate postoperative period.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Epidural analgesia and backache: a randomized controlled comparison with intramuscular meperidine for analgesia during labour.
Concern has been expressed that epidural analgesia for labour may be associated with a higher incidence of backache. ⋯ Epidural analgesia in labour was not associated with an increase in the prevalence or incidence of backache.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Comparison of morphine alone with morphine plus clonidine for postoperative patient-controlled analgesia.
Clonidine is an alpha 2 adrenergic agonist with analgesic properties. This study aimed to see if the addition of clonidine to morphine when given by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) would improve analgesia beyond the first 12 h after surgery. ⋯ Pain scores were significantly lower in Group C between 0 and 12 h, but thereafter there was no difference. Morphine consumption was the same for both groups until 24-36 h. Nausea and vomiting was significantly reduced in Group C between 0 and 24 h. Patients in Group C were significantly happier with their pain relief (four-point scale).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of a single dose of esmolol on the bispectral index scale (BIS) during propofol/fentanyl anaesthesia.
Esmolol, a short-acting beta 1-antagonist, can reduce anaesthetic requirements and decrease seizure activity during electroconvulsive therapy even after a single dose of 80 mg. We studied the effect of esmolol on the bispectral index scale (BIS), which is a processed EEG recently introduced to monitor depth of anaesthesia. ⋯ The results suggest that a single dose of esmolol affects the SAP and heart rate but does not affect BIS values.