British journal of anaesthesia
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Clinical Trial
Effects of magnesium sulphate on cerebral haemodynamics in healthy volunteers: a transcranial Doppler study.
Magnesium is increasingly being considered as a neuroprotective agent. We aimed to study its effects on middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (V(mca)), cerebral autoregulation and cerebral vascular reactivity to carbon dioxide (CRCO(2)) in healthy volunteers. ⋯ Infusion of magnesium sulphate, in a dose that doubles its concentration in plasma, does not affect V(mca), strength of autoregulation or CRCO(2) in healthy volunteers. However, it can be associated with nausea and hypotension.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Plasma substitution effects of a new hydroxyethyl starch HES 130/0.4 compared with HES 200/0.5 during and after extended acute normovolaemic haemodilution.
The volume expansion effect of a recently introduced hydroxyethyl starch, HES 130/0.4, was compared with the commonly used HES 200/0.5 after rapid infusion of a single large dose (up to 2 litres) administered during acute normovolaemic haemodilution (ANH). ⋯ This study demonstrates a good immediate and medium-term plasma volume substitution effect of HES 130 compared with HES 200. HES 130 could represent a suitable synthetic colloid for plasma volume substitution during extensive ANH.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Blood/gas partition coefficients of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in horse blood.
Blood/gas partition coefficients (lambda(b/g)) for volatile agents in horse blood are reported for halothane but not for isoflurane and sevoflurane. We measured the lambda(b/g) of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in the blood of fasted horses. The correlation with age, weight and some haematological and biochemical variables was studied. The temperature correction factor for isoflurane solubility was calculated. ⋯ The lambda(b/g) values of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in fasted horses are significantly lower than those reported in humans. The lambda(b/g) for halothane in this study agrees with values reported in the literature but a positive correlation with plasma triglycerides could not be confirmed. Knowledge of lambda(b/g) can refine models of anaesthetic uptake.
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Metallic tracheal stents have been used in the treatment of paediatric tracheomalacia for more than a decade. We describe a case in which critical airway obstruction occurred during removal of a welded tracheal stent using a rigid bronchoscope under general anaesthesia. Life-saving cardiopulmonary bypass was instituted urgently, and the welded stent was then removed successfully by directly opening the trachea.