British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block with sugammadex is faster than reversal of cisatracurium-induced block with neostigmine.
Reversal of the residual effect of rocuronium or cisatracurium by neostigmine may be slow and associated with side-effects. This randomized, safety-assessor-blinded study compared the efficacy of sugammadex, a selective relaxant binding agent for reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block, with that of neostigmine for reversal of cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular block. The safety of sugammadex and neostigmine was also evaluated. ⋯ Sugammadex 2.0 mg kg(-1) administered at reappearance of T(2) was significantly faster in reversing rocuronium-induced blockade than neostigmine was in reversing cisatracurium-induced block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Signs of myocardial ischaemia after injection of oxytocin: a randomized double-blind comparison of oxytocin and methylergometrine during Caesarean section.
ECG changes, similar to those seen during myocardial ischaemia, together with symptoms of chest pain, are common during Caesarean section (CS). We hypothesized that oxytocin administration has cardiovascular effects leading to these symptoms and ECG changes. ⋯ Oxytocin administered as an i.v. bolus of 10 IU induces chest pain, transient profound tachycardia, hypotension, and concomitant signs of myocardial ischaemia according to marked ECG and STC-VM changes. The effects are related to oxytocin administration and not to pregnancy, surgical procedure, delivery, or sympathetic block from spinal anaesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Different small-dose sufentanil blunting cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation in children: a randomized, double-blind comparison.
Sufentanil is a potent opioid analgesic frequently used in clinical anaesthesia. This prospective, randomized, double-blind study was designed to assess the efficacy of different small-dose sufentanil attenuating the cardiovascular intubation response in healthy children, aiming at determining the optimal dose of sufentanil for this purpose. ⋯ In combination with propofol for induction of anaesthesia in children, the bolus administration of sufentanil can produce a dose-related attenuation of the cardiovascular intubation response and sufentanil 0.3 microg kg(-1) can completely abolish the cardiovascular intubation response.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Xenon or propofol anaesthesia for patients at cardiovascular risk in non-cardiac surgery.
The results of two European multi-centre trials on xenon anaesthesia led to the hypothesis that a xenon-based anaesthetic would keep left ventricular (LV) and circulatory function more stable than a propofol-based anaesthetic, in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). ⋯ Xenon anaesthesia provided a higher arterial pressure level than propofol, with no signs of cardiovascular compromise, in patients with CAD. Echocardiographic indices showed better LV function with xenon.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Pressure-controlled ventilation improves oxygenation during laparoscopic obesity surgery compared with volume-controlled ventilation.
We compared pressure and volume-controlled ventilation (PCV and VCV) in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric banding surgery. ⋯ The changes in oxygenation can only be explained by an improvement in the lungs ventilation/perfusion ratio. The decelerating inspiratory flow used in PCV generates higher instantaneous flow peaks and may allow a better alveolar recruitment. PCV improves oxygenation without any side-effects.