British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Observational Study
Comparative total and unbound pharmacokinetics of cefazolin administered by bolus versus continuous infusion in patients undergoing major surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Perioperative administration of cefazolin reduces the incidence of perioperative infections. Intraoperative re-dosing of cefazolin is commonly given between 2 and 5 h after the initial dose. This study was undertaken to determine whether intraoperative continuous infusions of cefazolin achieve better probability of target attainment (PTA) and fractional target attainment (FTA) than intermittent dosing. ⋯ NCT02058979.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Randomized equivalence trial of the King Vision aBlade videolaryngoscope with the Miller direct laryngoscope for routine tracheal intubation in children <2 yr of age.
We conducted a randomized equivalence trial to compare direct laryngoscopy using a Miller blade (DL) with the King Vision videolaryngoscope (KVL) for routine tracheal intubation. We hypothesized that tracheal intubation times with DL would be equivalent to the KVL in children <2 yr of age. ⋯ NCT02590237.
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An innovative approach to choosing hospital equipment is to consider the environmental costs in addition to other costs and benefits. ⋯ For an Australian hospital with six operating rooms, converting from single-use to reusable anaesthetic equipment saved more than AUD$30 000 (£18 000) per annum, but increased the CO 2 emissions by almost 10%. The CO 2 offset is highly dependent on the power source mix, while water consumption is greater for reusable equipment.
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Quantitative sensory testing (QST) has been used to predict the outcome of epidural steroid injections in lumbosacral radicular pain and has the potential to be an important tool in the selection of appropriate treatment (such as epidural steroid injections vs surgery) for patients with chronic radicular pain. In addition, QST assists in identification of the pain pathways of peripheral and central sensitization in selected groups of patients. ⋯ The study demonstrates that patients with unilateral radicular low back pain who receive dorsal root ganglion interventions show changes in pressure pain thresholds and conditioned pain modulation that are consistent with a 'normalization' of peripheral and central sensitization.
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Observational Study
Validation of a simple tool for anxiety trait screening in children presenting for surgery.
Screening for preoperative anxiety is an important challenge during the preoperative period. The aim of our study was to validate the faces scale used to detect anxiety trait in children. ⋯ Our study determined the performance of a simple faces scale to measure the preoperative anxiety trait in children aged 8-18 yr. This tool is potentially helpful for clinicians aiming to identify patients at risk of preoperative anxiety and to assign them to targeted management.