British journal of anaesthesia
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Prevention of arterial hypotension after spinal anaesthesia using vena cava ultrasound to guide fluid management.
Significant hypotension is frequent after spinal anaesthesia and fluid administration as therapy is usually empirical. Inferior vena cava (IVC) ultrasound (US) is effective to assess fluid responsiveness in critical care patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the IVCUS-guided volume optimization to prevent post-spinal hypotension. ⋯ www.clinicaltrials.gov - NCT02271477.
-
Observational Study
Association between postoperative mean arterial blood pressure and myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery.
Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery is common, although the exact pathophysiology is unknown. It is plausible that hypotension after surgery is relevant for the development of myocardial injury. The authors evaluated whether low mean arterial pressures (MAPs) after surgery are related to an increased incidence in postoperative cardiac-troponin elevation. ⋯ Lower postoperative blood pressure is associated with an increased incidence of postoperative cardiac hsTnT elevation, irrespective of pre- and intraoperative variables.
-
The main defence against bacterial infection is oxidative killing by neutrophils, which requires molecular oxygen in wounded tissues. High inspired-oxygen fractions increase tissue oxygenation. But, whether improving tissue oxygenation actually reduces surgical-site infection (SSI) remains controversial. We therefore tested the primary hypothesis that supplemental oxygen (80% vs 30%) reduces the risk of a 30-day composite of deep tissue or organ-space SSI, healing-related wound complications, and mortality. ⋯ NCT01777568.
-
Perioperative strategies can significantly influence long-term cancer outcomes. Dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenoceptor agonist, is increasingly used perioperatively for its sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic, and sympatholytic effects. Such actions might attenuate the perioperative promotion of metastases, but other findings suggest opposite effects on primary tumour progression. We tested the effects of dexmedetomidine in clinically relevant models of dexmedetomidine use on cancer metastatic progression. ⋯ The findings call for mechanistic translational studies to understand these deleterious effects of dexmedetomidine, and warrant prospective clinical trials to assess the impact of perioperative dexmedetomidine use on outcomes in cancer patients.