British journal of anaesthesia
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Interactive video games to reduce paediatric procedural pain and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Procedural pain and anxiety in children can be poorly controlled, leading to significant short- and long-term sequelae, such as longer procedure times or future healthcare avoidance. Caregiver anxiety can exacerbate these effects. We aimed to evaluate the effect of interactive video game interventions on children's procedural pain and anxiety, including the effect of different types of video games on those outcomes. ⋯ Our findings support introducing easily available video games, such as distraction-based conventional video games, into routine practice to minimise paediatric procedural pain and child/caregiver anxiety.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Proteomic signatures for perioperative oxygen delivery in skin after major elective surgery: mechanistic sub-study of a randomised controlled trial.
Maintaining adequate oxygen delivery (DO2) after major surgery is associated with minimising organ dysfunction. Skin is particularly vulnerable to reduced DO2. We tested the hypothesis that reduced perioperative DO2 fuels inflammation in metabolically compromised skin after major surgery. ⋯ ISRCTN76894700.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of inorganic nitrate on ischaemia-reperfusion injury after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system with protective properties in ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Inorganic nitrate, an oxidation product of endogenous NO production and a constituent in our diet, can be recycled back to bioactive NO. We investigated if preoperative administration of inorganic nitrate could reduce troponin T release and other plasma markers of injury to the heart, liver, kidney, and brain in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. ⋯ NCT01348971.
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Review
The central nervous system during lung injury and mechanical ventilation: a narrative review.
Mechanical ventilation induces a number of systemic responses for which the brain plays an essential role. During the last decade, substantial evidence has emerged showing that the brain modifies pulmonary responses to physical and biological stimuli by various mechanisms, including the modulation of neuroinflammatory reflexes and the onset of abnormal breathing patterns. ⋯ This narrative review summarises current evidence of lung-brain crosstalk in patients receiving mechanical ventilation and describes the clinical implications of this crosstalk. Further, it proposes directions for future research ranging from identifying mechanisms of multiorgan failure to mitigating long-term sequelae after critical illness.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Standardized Assessment of Global activities in the Elderly scale in adult cardiac surgery patients.
Different instruments have been used to assess ability to perform everyday functional activities, such as activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). No measures of functional activity have been validated in cardiac surgery. We assessed the reliability and validity of the Standardized Assessment of Global activities in the Elderly (SAGE) scale. ⋯ NCT01842568.