British journal of anaesthesia
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Comparative Study
Comparison between neurally-assisted, controlled, and physiologically variable ventilation in healthy rabbits.
Various ventilation strategies have been proposed to reduce ventilation-induced lung injury that occurs even in individuals with healthy lungs. We compared new modalities based on an individualised physiological variable ventilation model to a conventional pressure-controlled mode. ⋯ Individualised PVV based on a pre-recorded spontaneous breathing pattern provides adequate gas exchange and promotes a level of lung protection. This ventilation modality could be of benefit during prolonged anaesthesia, in which assisted ventilation is not possible because of the absence of a respiratory drive.
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Circadian rhythms coordinate almost all physiological functions and are implicated in major disease development. Even though circadian rhythms have a major impact on human health, little is known about how they affect general anaesthesia. The purpose of this study was to understand if the time of day affects the length of time a child needs to achieve readiness for discharge after general anaesthesia for brain MRI. ⋯ The time of day significantly affects PACU recovery times in children of both genders having brain imaging under general anaesthesia. Children younger than 3 yr might not be affected. Further validation of these findings may guide future strategies to reduce discharge times.
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The metastatic potential of breast cancer cells has been strongly associated with overexpression of the chemokine CXCL12 and the activity of its receptor CXCR4. Lidocaine, a local anaesthetic that can be used during breast cancer excision, inhibits the growth, invasion, and migration of cancer cells. We therefore investigated, in a breast cancer cell line, whether lidocaine can modulate CXCL12-induced responses. ⋯ At clinical concentrations, lidocaine significantly inhibits CXCR4 signalling. The results presented shed new insights on the molecular mechanisms governing the inhibitory effect of lidocaine on cell migration.