International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Sep 2016
ReviewEfficacy and safety of dapoxetine in treatment of premature ejaculation: an evidence-based review.
Premature ejaculation (PE) is a major issue in male sexual health, with a global prevalence estimated to be between 20% and 40%, making it the most common sexual dysfunction in men. PE causes distress and reduced quality of life for patients and has a negative impact on interpersonal relationships. Historically, it has been treated with cognitive therapy, behavioural methods and off-label use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) usually used to treat depression and other psychological disorders. Dapoxetine is the only SSRI specifically designed to treat PE. ⋯ Dapoxetine is the only effective and safe available on-label oral treatment for PE, and its use can result in better quality of life for the patient and their sexual partner.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Sep 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy and safety of canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in hot climates.
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased risk of adverse events (AEs; e.g. dehydration, hypoglycaemia) in hot weather. This analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, in patients with T2DM who live in hot climates. ⋯ ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01081834, NCT01106677, NCT01106625, NCT01106690, NCT00968812.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Sep 2016
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Observational StudyMajor bleeding risk among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients initiated on apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban or warfarin: a "real-world" observational study in the United States.
Limited data are available about the real-world safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). ⋯ Among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients in the real-world setting, initiation with rivaroxaban or warfarin was associated with a significantly greater risk of major bleeding compared with initiation on apixaban. When compared with warfarin, initiation with apixaban was associated with significantly lower risk of major bleeding. Additional observational studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Sep 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of Vitamin D and calcium supplementation on ischaemic stroke outcome: a randomised controlled open-label trial.
Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in stroke survivors. Observational studies have reported an association of low vitamin D levels with greater stroke severity, poststroke mortality and functional disability. Randomised clinical trials are lacking. We sought to assess the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in ischaemic stroke survivors with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency on disability/mortality outcomes. ⋯ This is the first randomised controlled study assessing the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on ischaemic stroke outcomes and points towards a potential benefit. Findings need to be validated by a larger trial.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Sep 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialA prospective evaluation of the contrast, radiation dose and image quality of contrast-enhanced CT scans of paediatric abdomens using a low-concentration iodinated contrast agent and low tube voltage combined with 70% ASIR algorithm.
To quantitatively and subjectively assess the image quality of and radiation dose for an abdominal enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan with a low tube voltage and a low concentration of iodinated contrast agent in children. ⋯ The scanning protocol using a low tube voltage (80 kVp) together with 70% ASIR and a low-concentration iodinated contrast agent (270 mg I/mL) enables a 37% reduction in iodine load and a 30% reduction in radiation dose while maintaining compatible image quality.