International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
Review Meta AnalysisPit and Fissure Sealant versus Fluoride Varnish for the Prevention of Dental Caries in School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Children's dental health has become the main concern, due to the increase in caries prevalence amongst children. Pit and fissure sealant (PFS) and fluoride varnish (FV) are effective measures for preventing dental caries. However, the clinical efficacy of these interventions when compared to one another is uncertain. ⋯ Three included trial reported caries increment of first permanent molars (FPM) with 24 months of follow-up, there was no statistical significance (RR: 0.65; 95% CI 0.31 to 1.35; P = 0.26 I2 = 89%). As regards DMFS increment, the analysis showed no statistical differences between FV and PFS in terms of lowering DMFS increment (MD: 0.09; 95% CI: -0.03 to 0.21). Findings of this meta-analysis proved there is no significant difference between PFS and FV in caries prevention efficacy of FPMs at 2 years' follow-up, emphasizing the use of FV since it is more affordable and easier to apply.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory Biomarkers in School-Aged Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 75 school-aged children with a diagnosis of ADHD based on DSM-V criteria. Children were randomly allocated to receive either vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day) or a placebo for 3 months. Serum IL-6, TNF-α, and 25(OH) D were assessed before and after the intervention to determine the effects of vitamin D on the highlighted parameters. ⋯ The findings revealed that vitamin D supplementation for 3 months is not efficacious in reducing inflammatory cytokines in children with ADHD. Further studies are required to confirm these results.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialA Novel Risk-Prediction Scoring System for Sepsis among Patients with Acute Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Analysis of a Large Clinical Database.
The prognosis is poor when acute pancreatitis (AP) progresses to sepsis; therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict the probability of sepsis and develop a personalized treatment plan to reduce the disease burden of AP patients. ⋯ The new risk-prediction system that was established in this research can accurately predict the probability of sepsis in patients with acute pancreatitis, and this helps clinicians formulate personalized treatment plans for patients. The new model can reduce the disease burden of patients and can contribute to the reasonable allocation of medical resources, which is significant for tertiary prevention.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
ReviewAre Antibiotics Appropriately Dosed in Critically Ill Patients with Augmented Renal Clearance? A Narrative Review.
Augmented renal clearance (ARC), which is commonly defined as increased renal clearance above 130 ml/min/1.73 m2, is a common phenomenon among critically ill patients. The increased elimination rate of drugs through the kidneys in patients with ARC can increase the risk of treatment failure due to the exposure to subtherapeutic serum concentrations of medications and affect the optimal management of infections, length of hospital stay, and outcomes. The main goal of this review article is to summarize the recommendations for appropriate dosing of antibiotics in patients with ARC. ⋯ This review recommends a dosing protocol for some antibiotics to help the appropriate dosing of antibiotics in ARC and decrease the risk of subtherapeutic exposure that may be observed while receiving conventional dosing regimens in critically ill patients with ARC.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
Review Case ReportsA Case of Type 1 Triallelic Patterns at D5S818, D18S51, D6S1043, and FGA Demonstrated by Short Tandem Repeat Analysis.
The triallelic pattern of short tandem repeat (STR) is rare; especially, the case where this pattern exists at 4 loci has not been reported. Here, we report the type 1 triallelic patterns at D5S818, D18S51, D6S1043, and FGA from a Chinese family, which were observed during our routine chimerism assays. Before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the blood sample of the certain patient was analyzed by performing chimerism analysis. ⋯ Altogether, we presented a pedigree, in which the triallelic pattern was linked by inheritance in the family. This is the first reported case of the triallelic pattern at D5S818, D18S51, D6S1043, and FGA all around the world. We hope that in the future there will be any tools to achieve accurate verification against this possibility.