Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology
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Semin Musculoskelet Radiol · Jun 2006
ReviewPercutaneous minimally invasive therapies in the treatment of bone tumors: thermal ablation.
Many percutaneous image-guided ablative techniques have been utilized in the treatment of bone cancers. These techniques are fast becoming a focus in the treatment of patients with both benign and malignant forms of bone cancer. This article will review the principles of radiofrequency ablation including its use in combination with other therapies, cryoablation, and microwave ablation in the treatment of osteoid osteomas and bone metastases.
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Since the first injection of chymopapain in 1963, percutaneous intradiscal therapies have been used to treat discogenic back and leg pain. The percutaneous discectomy techniques treat contained disc herniations not by resecting the prolapsed disc material but rather through central decompression of the disc. By removing a small volume of tissue from the disc nucleus, a large reduction in overall disc pressure is achieved with consequent relief of neural compression. ⋯ Annuloplasty techniques, such as IntraDiscal Electrothermal Therapy (IDET) and discTRODE, have been developed over the past decade that thermally treat the lesions of IDD. Although the therapeutic mechanisms of thermal annuloplasty have yet to be fully elucidated, research studies demonstrate that the procedure can be effective for appropriately selected patients with degenerative disc disease characterized by discographically proven painful annular fissures. Other novel intradiscal therapies are emerging for percutaneous treatment of discogenic pain and await more widespread clinical evaluation.