European journal of pain : EJP
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Do dialogues about concepts of pain reduce immigrant patients' reported spread of pain? A comparison between two consultation methods in primary care.
Do dialogues about concepts of pain reduce the reported spread of pain more than the usual consultations? ⋯ Particularly the women in both consultation groups demonstrated much less spread of pain after treatment, despite similar clinical findings and less anxiety about pain in group A. The initially wide spread of pain may thus have been a way of communicating with the doctors.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Analgesic efficacy and safety of intravenous paracetamol (acetaminophen) administered as a 2 g starting dose following third molar surgery.
The recommended dose for intravenous (IV) paracetamol injection in adults is 1g, however pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic findings suggest that a better analgesia could be obtained with a 2 g starting dose. ⋯ The analgesic efficacy of a 2 g starting dose of IV paracetamol was superior over the recommended dose of 1g in terms of magnitude and duration of analgesic effect for postoperative pain following third molar surgery, with no significant difference between groups regarding safety.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Reliability and validity of a modified Brief Pain Inventory short form in patients with osteoarthritis.
The Brief Pain Inventory short form (BPI-sf) is a validated, widely used, self-administered questionnaire developed to assess the severity of pain and the impact of pain on daily functions. A modified version was used daily in randomised control trials of patients with arthritis undergoing treatment with cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. ⋯ Each scale and individual pain intensity item refers to changes in osteoarthritis pain associated with medication use. The modified BPI-sf, like the parent scale, is a valid and reliable tool for situations in which pain is assessed daily and minimises the burden placed on patients to record information necessary for scientific investigations.
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The pain of chronic pancreatitis remains challenging to manage, with treatment all too often being unsuccessful. A main reason for this is lacking understanding of underlying mechanisms of chronic pain in these patients. ⋯ Chronic pancreatitis patients show pronounced generalised deep hyperalgesia that is present despite opioid therapy. These signs, consistent with central sensitisation, appear relatively more prominent in men than women. There is also evidence suggesting that women may have a better segmental inhibitory response than men, possibly explaining their relatively less prominent generalised deep tissue hyperalgesia compared to men.
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Comparative Study
A comparison of the effects of preferred music, arithmetic and humour on cold pressor pain.
Research studies of 'audioanalgesia', the ability of music to affect pain perception, have significantly increased in number during the past two decades. Listening to preferred music in particular may provide an emotionally engaging distraction capable of reducing both the sensation of pain itself and the accompanying negative affective experience. The current study uses experimentally induced cold pressor pain to compare the effects of preferred music to two types of distracting stimuli found effective within the previous studies; mental arithmetic, a cognitive distraction, and humour, which may emotionally engage us in a similar manner to music. ⋯ Preferred music listening was found to significantly increase tolerance in comparison to the cognitive task, and significantly increase perceived control in comparison to humour. Ratings of pain intensity did not significantly differ. The results suggest preferred music listening to offer effective distraction and enhancement of control as a pain intervention under controlled laboratory conditions.