European journal of pain : EJP
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No current standardized set of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) outcome measures have been specifically tested for their applicability in a general female chronic pelvic pain (CPP) population. We aimed to compare PFM function between a randomly selected population-based sample of women with CPP and age-matched pain-free controls using multiple standardized intravaginal examination measures recommended by the International Continence Society. ⋯ This controlled, single-blinded study with randomly selected participants provides new population-based information regarding associated PFM dysfunction in women with CPP using multiple intravaginal examination methods. However, to identify women with CPP who will benefit from a physiotherapeutic specialized intervention, future prospective randomized controlled trials using these reliable and predictive outcomes are needed.
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This study evaluated the prescribing trends of four commonly prescribed strong opioids in primary care and explored utilization in non-cancer and cancer users. ⋯ There has been a huge increase in strong opioid prescribing in the United Kingdom, with the majority of prescriptions for non-cancer pain. Morphine was the most frequently prescribed, but the utilization of oxycodone, buprenorphine and fentanyl increased markedly over time.
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There are no nationwide trend surveys of the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among university students. The aim of the study was to examine whether the prevalence of perceived musculoskeletal pain symptoms among Finnish university students has changed from 2000 to 2012, and to explore the co-occurrence of these symptoms. ⋯ An increasing trend in the prevalence of frequent musculoskeletal pain was found over the period of 12-years among Finnish university students.
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We investigated both the efficacy and the sub-chronic toxicity of Tephrosia toxicaria Pers. in the zymosan-induced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammatory hypernociception in rats evaluating the possible role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). ⋯ T. toxicaria did not produce any signs of toxicity and effectively decreased zymosan-induced TMJ inflammatory hypernociception dependent, at least in part, upon the HO-1 pathway integrity.
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Chronic pain patients show increased peripheral activity when exposed to stimuli relevant to their pain problem. It has been suggested that in migraine there is a highly specific conditioning or sensitization to pain stimuli. The aims of this study were to analyse whether migraineurs (1) are sensitive not only to pain-related but also to other negative emotional words; and (2) show a memory bias for pain words, when compared to headache-free controls. ⋯ The findings suggest that in migraine, not only pain-related but also negative emotional words may act as triggers. These outcomes may have therapeutic implications as interventions could target problematic pain-related memories that influence migraine pain perception and pain-related physiological responses.