European journal of pain : EJP
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Observational Study
Personality subtypes and chest pain in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease from the TweeSteden Mild Stenosis study: mediating effect of anxiety and depression.
Patients presenting with chest pain in nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD, luminal narrowing <60%) are at risk for emotional distress and future events. We aimed to examine the association of personality subtypes with persistent chest pain, and investigated the potential mediating effects of negative mood states. ⋯ Type D personality, but not negative affectivity or social inhibition, was related to chest pain in nonobstructive CAD, which was mediated by negative mood states.
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Combining drugs not only reduces specific adverse effects of each of the drug at a higher dose but also may lead to enhanced efficacy. Tapentadol is a recently discovered analgesic possessing μ-opioid receptor agonism and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibition in a single molecule. Taking into consideration, the pharmacological similarities between opioids and cannabinoids, we assumed that combination of cannabinoids with noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitors might also be effective. We therefore aimed to determine whether combining 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 fixed ratios of the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 and the selective noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor maprotiline exert anti-allodynic synergy on nerve-injured neuropathic mice. ⋯ Overall, our data suggest that combination of a cannabinoid with a selective noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor may offer a beneficial treatment option for neuropathic pain.
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Physical activity is thought to play a role in spinal pain (neck pain, mid back pain, low back pain) in children and adolescents, either as a risk or protective factor, but current evidence is conflicting. The overall aim of this study was to determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between different levels of objectively measured physical activity, i.e. sedentary; moderate and vigorous; vigorous physical activity, and spinal pain in 11-15-year-old Danes. ⋯ Objectively measured physical activity was not associated with spinal pain. However, it remains to be seen whether there is an association over a longer follow-up period. Future research should focus on the more qualitative aspects of physical activity, such as different sports activities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Conditioned pain modulation is not decreased after partial sleep restriction.
Sleep problems have been identified as a risk factor for several chronic pain conditions. Reduced sleep has been related to increased pain perception and it has been hypothesized that reduced pain inhibition may explain this. The aim of this study was to determine if sleep restriction (SR) affects heat pain perception and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). ⋯ The results indicate that SR leads to increased heat pain perception, but not reduced inhibitory CPM. This contradicts general assumptions on the relation between SR and the CPM effect.
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There is a predominance of chronic widespread musculoskeletal complaints (WMSC) among women. Previous studies suggest an association between hormonal factors and pain. However, it is not known whether earlier age at menarche is associated with higher prevalence of chronic WMSC. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between age at menarche and chronic WMSC. ⋯ In this cross-sectional study, there was an association between early age at menarche and chronic WMSC later in life, but the difference in absolute risk was low (3%).