European journal of pain : EJP
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While genetic influences on chronic pain have been repeatedly demonstrated, we do not know whether these effects are stable or dynamic over time. ⋯ The variability in chronic pain is mainly explained by new environmental factors influencing incidence, aggravation and/or chronic pain remission. Integration of these findings may provide a useful conceptual framework for the treatment and prevention of pain and pain chronification.
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Human experimental pain models in healthy subjects offer unique possibilities to study mechanisms of pain within a defined setting of expected pain symptoms, signs and mechanisms. Previous trials in healthy subjects demonstrated that topical application of 40% menthol is suitable to induce cold hyperalgesia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of suggestion on this experimental human pain model. ⋯ Cold hyperalgesia may be investigated under unbiased and suggestion-free conditions using the menthol model of pain.
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Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The most common presentation is in the form of a distal axonal sensory-motor polyneuropathy that involves large and small nerve fibres in variable proportion. ⋯ ZDF rats presented a diabetic neuropathy involving large and small nerve fibres; additionally, ZL and WH rats also showed early small abnormalities in C-fibres, clearly detected by microneurography SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides a functional description of large and small nerve fibre function in a diabetic model that recapitulates many of the findings observed in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Physical exercise has been shown to be an effective therapy for non-specific low back pain. The study investigated if swimming exercise is a means to reduce the spinal sensitization in an animal model of non-specific low back pain. ⋯ Physical exercise is a common treatment for low back pain. The possible mechanisms underlying the effects of exercise are probably multifold. This work shows that swimming exercise prevents sensitization of dorsal horn neurons, which may be one mechanism for the positive effects of exercise.
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There are few patient-reported outcomes routinely used that capture frequency and interference of different pain-related symptoms on a single scale. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and initial validation of the new Multidimensional Symptom Index (MSI). ⋯ This article presents the development and psychometric properties of a new measure of pain and related symptom frequency and interference. This measure could aid clinicians in establishing clinically relevant pain phenotypes for screening, prognosis and treatment decisions.