Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Review Meta Analysis
The Adjunct of Electric Neurostimulation to Rehabilitation Approaches in Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review With Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
This review analyzed the current evidence and the potential for the application of electric neurostimulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in upper limb stroke rehabilitation. ⋯ Moderate- to high-quality evidence suggests that tVNS and anodal tDCS were effective in improving upper limb motor function in both acute/subacute and chronic stroke. In addition to tVNS and anodal tDCS, cathodal tDCS is also effective in improving ADL performance after stroke.
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Acute cerebral ischemia is characterized by several pathological processes evolving during time, which contribute to the final tissue damage. Secondary processes, such as prolonged inflammatory response, impaired mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress, are responsible for the progression of brain injury to the peri-infarct area, called "penumbra." Adenosine has been shown to play a crucial role in regulating the inflammatory cascade following brain ischemia. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) act as modulators of adenosine receptors, increasing the functionality of the endogenous adenosine. In particular, PEMF exposure induces a significant upregulation of A2A and A3 adenosine receptors in different neuronal cell types. Several lines of evidence suggest that PEMF exposure might play a neuroprotective role after ischemic damage. ⋯ Altogether, these data demonstrate the efficacy of PEMFs against several mechanisms underlying ischemic damage and suggest that PEMFs might represent a novel noninvasive adjunctive treatment for acute ischemic stroke, providing neuroprotection and reducing functional deficits following ischemia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation Ameliorates Motion Sickness Induced by Rotary Chair in Healthy Subjects: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Study.
Motion sickness (MS) is a common physiological response to real or virtual motion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (TEA) on MS and the underlying mechanisms in healthy subjects. ⋯ Needleless TEA is a potent therapeutic approach for severe MS, as it increases participants' tolerance and ameliorates MS symptoms, which may be attributed to the integrative effects of TEA on autonomic functions and neuroendocrine balance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of Two Different Pulsed Radiofrequency Modes for Prevention of Postherpetic Neuralgia in Elderly Patients with Acute/Subacute Trigeminal Herpes Zoster.
Trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is often refractory to treatment. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) neuromodulation can help in preventing PHN after herpes zoster. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of two different PRF modes on gasserian ganglion neuromodulation in elderly patients with acute/subacute trigeminal herpes zoster. ⋯ ChiCTR2000038775.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation Improved the Quality of Life in Patients With Diarrhea-Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Patients with diarrhea-dominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) experience abdominal pain and reduced quality of life and need effective treatments. This study aimed to evaluate whether transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (TEA) at two acupuncture points, LI4 and ST36, could improve pain and quality of life of patients with IBS-D. ⋯ TEA at LI4 and ST36 improves abdominal pain and quality of life of patients with IBS-D, probably mediated by mechanisms other than autonomic function or inflammatory cytokines.