Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Neurofeedback training is a closed-loop neuromodulatory technique in which real-time feedback of brain activity and connectivity is provided to the participant for the purpose of volitional neural control. Through practice and reinforcement, such learning has been shown to facilitate measurable changes in brain function and behavior. ⋯ The published literature provides mounting high-quality evidence that neurofeedback and BMI control may lead to clinically relevant changes in brain function and behavior.
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Review
Neuromodulation for Storage Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review.
Bladder symptoms are common in Parkinson disease (PD), affecting quality of life. Medications commonly used such as antimuscarinics can cause frequently intolerable side effects, and therefore, new, better tolerated approaches are needed. Neuromodulation techniques have an established role in urologic disorders; these techniques include tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) and sacral neuromodulation (SNM), which are localized therapies lacking the side effects associated with medication. ⋯ Evidence from case series suggests benefit from TNS in PD, with limited literature on SNM or TMS. Placebo effect from neuromodulation is a concern, and only limited controlled data exist. Future well-designed and sham-controlled studies need to be completed to provide definitive data on the benefit of neuromodulation in PD. Definitively proving the utility of a neuromodulation modality will allow better treatment of bladder symptoms without the need for pharmacologic measures that cause side effects.
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Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a noninvasive electrical stimulation therapy indicated for pain control that has been applied for the regeneration of nerves. This systematic review aimed to analyze the evidence on TENS effectiveness on nerve regeneration. ⋯ Although there is some heterogeneous evidence in animal research, TENS seems to be a promising treatment for nerve injury that should be better explored. It is still necessary to improve the analysis of its application parameters, which can lead to the most satisfactory regeneration results and improve the understanding of its mechanisms on peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Review
Electrical Stimulation for Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review.
Cerebral vasospasm is a severe and potentially lethal complication in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Its pathogenesis is still not completely understood. The efficacy of current treatments, such as triple-H therapy or calcium channel blockers, is unsatisfactory, and a new therapy model would therefore be valuable. Electrical stimulation may have a considerable influence on cerebrovascular innervation. This systematic review gives an overview of the studies that have applied electrical stimulation in models of cerebral vasospasm. ⋯ Electrical stimulation, especially SCS and sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation, is a promising adjunct for existing therapies for vasospasm after SAH. Further experiments and prospective clinical studies are needed to establish its potential usefulness as a therapy or prevention option.
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Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) is a widely accepted therapy for gastroparesis symptoms, but how a brief cutaneous electrogastrogram (EGG) can be used in conjunction with GES has not been well defined. We evaluated the clinical importance of EGG, its correlation with mucosal electrograms (mEGs), gastric emptying tests (GETs), and gastrointestinal symptoms before and after temporary GES (tGES). ⋯ The Clinicaltrials.gov registration number for the study is NCT03876288.