Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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To highlight recent developments relating perioperative fluid therapy to gastrointestinal function by reviewing clinically pertinent English language articles mainly from January 2010 to March 2011. ⋯ In planning strategies of fluid therapy, the possibility of adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract should be considered, as this is likely to have an impact on fluid and electrolyte balance and postoperative outcome.
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To characterize methods evaluating and to summarize studies linking various serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with health status. ⋯ The distinction between deficiency and insufficiency is not useful or necessary. Serum 25(OH)D values below 120 nmol/l (48 ng/ml) are associated with preventable disease and are therefore indicative of deficiency. The upper limit of the normal range can be set at 225 nmol/l (90 ng/ml), although toxicity is rare below 500 nmol/l (200 ng/ml).
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Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care · Sep 2011
ReviewPerioperative nutritional management in digestive tract surgery.
This article reviews the recent research on perioperative nutrition in digestive tract surgery in the light of modern perioperative care principles, that is, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Four major directions of research emerge: detecting malnutrition, perioperative hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, enteral/parenteral nutrition and immunonutrition. ⋯ To reduce surgical stress, insulin resistance, unnecessary protein losses and postoperative complications, the use of an ERAS protocol is important. Current data shows that the use of perioperative immunonutrition diets for major abdominal surgery is beneficial. Further research on nutritional assessment tools to predict who is at risk for postoperative complications is needed.