Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEpidural fentanyl speeds the onset of sensory block during epidural lidocaine anesthesia.
Shortening the onset time of sensory block is a practical goal to improve the quality of epidural anesthesia. The addition of fentanyl to a local anesthetic solution is widely used during epidural anesthesia. This randomized double-blind study examined the onset time of sensory block during epidural lidocaine anesthesia with and without added fentanyl to the epidural solution. ⋯ Epidural injection of the mixture of 100 microg fentanyl and 2% lidocaine solution accelerated the onset of sensory block during epidural lidocaine anesthesia without increased side effects.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA paravenous approach for the saphenous nerve block.
This study assesses a paravenous approach for saphenous nerve block at approximately the level of the tibial tuberosity, and compares it with the conventional technique of blind subcutaneous infiltration between the tibial tuberosity and the gastrocnemius muscle. ⋯ The saphenous nerve can be blocked effectively by a paravenous approach using only 5 mL of local anesthetic solution. This approach is advantageous because of its easily identifiable landmark.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAxillary brachial plexus block using peripheral nerve stimulator: a comparison between double- and triple-injection techniques.
The multiple-injection technique for axillary block, in which the main 4 nerves of the plexus are located by a nerve stimulator and separately injected, has been shown to produce a high success rate. However, this technique may prove to be more difficult and time-consuming than other methods. Therefore, a simplified technique, with a reduced number of injections, might be desirable. A comparison between 2- and 3-injection techniques was made in the present double-blind study. ⋯ The 2-injection technique offers a success rate in blocking the 3 nerves innervating the hand similar to that obtained with the 3-injection technique. The latter approach should be considered when the musculocutaneous nerve distribution is involved in the surgical area.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 2001
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialAnatomic considerations in relation to the maxillary nerve block.
To determine the length of the needle that should be used to reach the maxillary nerve after the lateral pterygoid plate has been contacted. ⋯ The needle should not be advanced by more than approximately 0.25 cm beyond the distance to the pterygoid plate while performing maxillary nerve block by the lateral extraoral approach.