Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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J Clin Monit Comput · Aug 2018
Comparative StudyA novel non-invasive blood pressure waveform measuring system compared to Millar applanation tonometry.
The accurate, non-invasive, measuring of the continuous arterial blood pressure waveform faces some difficulties and an innovative blood pressure measurement technology is urgently needed. However, the arterial blood pressure waveform plays an essential role in health care by providing diagnostic information and base for calculating several heart function parameters. The aim of this study is to introduce a novel non-invasive measuring system that can measure the arterial blood pressure waveform with high accuracy in comparison to an applanation tonometry system. ⋯ The average differences ([Formula: see text]) for simultaneously recorded systolic, diastolic, mean arterial and incisura pressures were: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. These results satisfy the AAMI criteria. Based on our results, this new system requires further development and validation against invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring in order to prove its usefulness in patient monitoring, emergency care, and pulse diagnosis.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Aug 2018
Determination of respiratory system compliance during pressure support ventilation by small variations of pressure support.
In mechanically ventilated patients, measurement of respiratory system compliance (Crs) is of high clinical interest. Spontaneous breathing activity during pressure support ventilation (PSV) can impede the correct assessment of Crs and also alter the true Crs by inducing lung recruitment. We describe a method for determination of Crs during PSV and assess its accuracy in a study on 20 mechanically ventilated patients. ⋯ Comparison with Crs,VCV20 resulted in a negligible bias (- 1.3 ml/cmH2O, 95% limits of agreement - 13.9 to + 11.3) and r2 of 0.81. We conclude that the novel method provides an estimate of end-inspiratory Crs during PSV. Despite its limited accuracy, it might be useful for non-invasive monitoring of Crs in patients undergoing pressure support ventilation.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Aug 2018
Effects of indigo carmine intravenous injection on oxygen reserve index (ORi™) measurement.
To retrospectively investigate the effects of indigo carmine intravenous injection on oxygen reserve index (ORi™) in 20 patients who underwent elective gynecologic surgery under general anesthesia. The study subjects were patients who underwent elective gynecologic surgery under general anesthesia between April 2016 and January 2017, and were administered a 5-ml intravenous injection of 0.4% indigo carmine for clinical purposes during surgery with ORi monitoring. Changes in ORi within 20 min after indigo carmine injection were observed. ⋯ The median lowest value of ORi was 0 (range 0-0.16) and the median time to reach the lowest value of ORi was 2 min (range 1-4 min) after injection. ORi values returned to pre-injection levels within 20 min in 13 of 19 patients, and the median time to return to pre-injection levels was 10 min (range 6-16 min) after injection. During ORi monitoring it is necessary to consider the rapid reduction in ORi after intravenous injection of indigo carmine.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Aug 2018
Ventilation inhomogeneity in obstructive lung diseases measured by electrical impedance tomography: a simulation study.
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has mostly been used in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to monitor ventilation distribution but is also promising for the diagnosis in spontaneously breathing patients with obstructive lung diseases. Beside tomographic images, several numerical measures have been proposed to quantitatively assess the lung state. ⋯ Simulations revealed that minor obstructions are not adequately recognized in the reconstructed images and that obstruction above and below the electrode plane may result in misleading values of inhomogeneity measures. EIT measurements on several electrode planes are necessary to apply these measures in patients with obstructive lung diseases in a promising manner.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Aug 2018
Clinical TrialEvaluation of the relationship between the topographical anatomy in the axillary region of the brachial plexus and the body mass index.
To investigate the topographic anatomy of the median, musculocutaneous, radial and ulnar nerves with respect to the axillary artery and to seek whether these configurations are associated with baseline descriptive data including age, gender, and body-mass index. This cross-sectional trial was carried out on 199 patients (85 women, 114 men; average age: 46.78 ± 15.45 years) in the department of anaesthesiology and reanimation of a tertiary care center. Topographic anatomy of the median, musculocutaneous, radial and ulnar nerves was assessed with ultrasonography. ⋯ Our results imply that the alignment of the musculocutaneous nerve may vary in men and overweight people. This fact must be considered by the anaesthetist before planning the axillary block of brachial plexus. All these informations may enlighten the planning stages of the brachial plexus blockade.