Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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J Clin Monit Comput · Apr 2012
Peripherally inserted central catheters are equivalent to centrally inserted catheters in intensive care unit patients for central venous pressure monitoring.
To determine the equivalency of pressure measurements from peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs) versus centrally inserted central venous catheters(CVCs) in vitro as well as in vivo. The in vitro study was performed in a clinical laboratory. Static pressure measurements from PICCs and CVCs were obtained in vitro over a physiologic range of 5–25 mmHg. ⋯ The paired CVP measurements were found to be highly reliable across subjects (r = 0.99, P<0.0001). No significance in the average difference in CVP measurement (PICC–CVC) was determined by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test (S = 1,P = 0.93). In conclusion, PICCs are equivalent to CVCs when measuring static and dynamic pressure in vitro and CVP in ICU patients.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Apr 2012
Comparative StudyAbility of the Masimo pulse CO-Oximeter to detect changes in hemoglobin.
The decision to administer blood products is complex and multifactorial. Accurate assessment of the concentration of hemoglobin [Hgb] is a key component of this evaluation. Recently a noninvasive method of continuously measuring hemoglobin (SpHb) has become available with multi-wavelength Pulse CO-Oximetry. ⋯ Four quadrant plot analysis revealed 94% of data within the quadrants associated with the correct direction change, and 90% of data points lay within the analysis bounds proposed by Critchley. Pulse CO-Oximetry offers an acceptable trend monitor in patients undergoing major spine surgery. Future work should explore the ability of this device to detect large changes in hemoglobin, as well as its applicability in additional surgical and non-surgical patient populations.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Apr 2012
Comparative StudyComparison of cardiac output determined by bioimpedance and bioreactance methods at rest and during exercise.
Bioreactance is a novel non-invasive method for cardiac output measurement that involves the analysis of blood flow-dependent changes in the phase shifts of electrical currents applied across the chest. The present study (1) compared resting and exercise cardiac outputs determined by bioreactance and bioimpedance methods and those estimated from measured oxygen consumption, (2) determined the relationship between cardiac output and oxygen consumption, and (3) assessed the agreement between the bioreactance and bioimpedance methods. Twelve healthy subjects (aged 30 ± 4 years) performed graded cardiopulmonary exercise test on a recumbent cycle ergometer on two occasions, 1 week apart. ⋯ Bland-Altman analyses including data from rest and exercise demonstrated that the bioimpedance method reported ~1.5 l min(-1) lower cardiac output than bioreactance with lower and upper limits of agreement of -2.98 to 5.98 l min(-1). Bioimpedance and bioreactance methods provide different cardiac output estimates, particularly at high exercise intensity, and therefore the two methods cannot be used interchangeably. In contrast with bioimpedance, bioreactance cardiac outputs are similar to those estimated from measured oxygen consumption.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Apr 2012
Comparative StudyArterial pressure waveform derived cardiac output FloTrac/Vigileo system (third generation software): comparison of two monitoring sites with the thermodilution cardiac output.
The present study was conducted to study the effect of monitoring site, radial or femoral, for arterial pressure waveform derived cardiac output using FloTrac/Vigileo system with third generation software version 3.02 during cardiac surgery. The cardiac output derived from the two sites was also compared to the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) derived cardiac output to reevaluate the relation between them using the newer software. The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was also studied by doing the sub analysis before and after bypass. ⋯ The post CPB precision of FEMCO was 1.2 times of PACCO while that of RADCO was 1.7 times of PACCO. The third generation of FloTrac/Vigileo system shows good correlation between the radial and femoral derived cardiac outputs in both pre and post bypass periods. The newer software correlates better to PAC derived cardiac output in the post bypass period for femoral artery than radial artery.
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Many of the complications related to prolonged ventilation are related to inappropriate handling of endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff. This article reviews the possible complications associated with the ETT cuff, and the landmark development made in that field. The article challenges the present paradigm of cuff use and reviews the current clinical practice in that area.