Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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J Clin Monit Comput · May 1999
Comparative StudyTranscranial Doppler monitoring compared with invasive monitoring of intracranial pressure during acute intracranial hypertension.
To determine whether a simple transcanial Doppler waveform variable-pulsatility difference (systolic - diastolic blood flow velocity) can serve as a measure of critical changes in cerebral perfusion. ⋯ In pigs with induced diffuse intracranial hypertension, noninvasive transcranial Doppler waveform monitoring of pulsatility difference can identify increased cerebral oxygen extraction and dangerously decreased cerebral perfusion pressure.
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J Clin Monit Comput · May 1999
Problem-based learning in residency education: a novel implementation using a simulator.
We developed a problem-based learning exercise with a full-scale human patient simulator to teach residents the emergency management and differential diagnosis of acute intraoperative hypotension. ⋯ Exercises on a full-scale patient simulator are a natural extension of problem-based learning. Recent research in learning theory provides the rationale for this teaching modality's potential as a learning tool.
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To design and evaluate a clinical monitor of respiratory drive (P0.1) and other respiratory variables in a simple way, using a commercial ventilator. ⋯ At rest, the ventilator introduced a minor influence on inspiratory time and P0.1, but not in ventilation, tidal volume, expiratory duration and respiratory frequency. During exercise, the influence was more evident. This effect could also be noticed in the coefficients of variation. The responses to mechanical loads were easily recorded and can be used as a simple test of central load-compensating mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS. The ventilator, with limitations, may be an alternative to conventional techniques, especially in clinical studies of the central inspiratory activity with and without respiratory loading.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Feb 1999
Evaluation of a new advanced thoracic bioimpedance device for estimation of cardiac output.
This study is an evaluation of a new thoracic bioimpedance cardiac output monitoring system which incorporates a modified form of the Kubicek equation and a method of estimating the left ventricular ejection time from the time derivative bioimpedance signals. ⋯ The results from the porcine study show that the new system performed well over a wide range of cardiac outputs, comparing favorably with data from other new bioimpedance cardiac output devices currently available in the market.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Feb 1999
Clinical TrialThe calibration and validation of a phase-modulated near-infrared cerebral oximeter.
This study was undertaken to compare the cerebral oxygenation measured by an experimental phase-modulated near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy system with capillary saturation estimated from jugular venous oxygen saturation. ⋯ Under the conditions tested, an experimental phase-modulated near-infrared spectroscopy system calibrated using an optical bench agreed with capillary saturation estimated from jugular venous samples. Further work is necessary to demonstrate valid performance of the system under other conditions.